Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Genetic Alterations and Molecular Biomarker Investigations

Liquid Biopsy as a Minimally Invasive Source of Thyroid Cancer Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations

In the blood of cancer patients, some nucleic acid fragments and tumor cells can be found that make it possible to trace tumor changes through a simple blood test called “liquid biopsy”. The main components of liquid biopsy are fragments of DNA and RNA shed by tumors into the bloodstream and circulate freely( ctDNAs and ctRNAs). tumor cells which are shed into the blood (circulating tumor cells...

Genetic Alterations and Their Clinical Implications in High-Recurrence Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer

PURPOSE Papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) frequently involve genetic alterations. The objective of this study was to investigate genetic alterations and further explore the relationships between these genetic alterations and clinicopathological characteristics in a high-recurrence risk (node positive, N1) PTC group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor tissue blocks were obtained from 240 surgically...

Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an infrequent calcitonin-producing neuroendocrine tumor that initiates from the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland. Several genetic and epigenetic alterations are collaterally responsible for medullary thyroid carcinogenesis. In this review article, we shed light on all the genetic and epigenetic hallmarks of MTC. From the genetic perspective, RET, ...

Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetic Alterations in Thyroid and Parathyroid Tumors

Common obesity-related genetic variants and papillary thyroid cancer risk.

BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have shown consistent associations between obesity and increased thyroid cancer risk, but, to date, no studies have investigated the relationship between thyroid cancer risk and obesity-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). METHODS We evaluated 575 tag SNPs in 23 obesity-related gene regions in a case-control study of 341 incident papillary thyroid ca...